Directory | Description |
| The nameless base of the file system. All other directories, files, drives, and devices are attached to this root. Commonly (but incorrectly) referred to as the “slash” or “/” directory. The “/” is just a directory separator, not a directory itself. | |
/bin | Essential command binaries (programs) are stored here (bash, ls, mount, tar, etc.) |
/boot | Static files of the boot loader. |
/dev | Device files. In Linux, hardware devices are accessed just like other files, and they are kept under this directory. |
/etc | Host-specific system configuration files. |
/home | Location of users' personal home directories (e.g./home/dhanoop). |
/lib | Essential shared libraries and kernel modules. |
/proc | Process information pseudo-file system. An interface to kernel data structures. |
/root | The root (super-user) home directory. |
/sbin | Essential system binaries (fdisk, fsck, init, etc). |
/tmp | Temporary files. All users have permission to place temporary files here. |
/usr | The base directory for most shareable, read-only data (programs, libraries, documentation, and much more). |
/usr/bin | Most user programs are kept here (cc, find, du, etc.). |
/usr/include | Header files for compiling C programs. |
/usr/lib | Libraries for most binary programs. |
/usr/local | “Locally” installed files. This directory only really matters in environments where files are stored on the network. Locally-installed files go in /usr/local/bin, /usr/local/lib, etc.). Also often used for software packages installed from source, or software not officially shipped with the distribution. |
/usr/sbin | Non-vital system binaries (lpd, useradd, etc.) |
/usr/share | Architecture-independent data (icons, backgrounds, documentation, terminfo, man pages, etc.). |
/usr/src | Program source code. E.g. The Linux Kernel, source RPMs, etc. |
/usr/X11R6 | The X Window System. |
/var | Variable data: mail and printer spools, log files, lock files, etc. |
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